Far-Fetched Faulkner

Above: New Yorker book critic Clifton Fadiman (right) characterized William Faulkner's "Absalom, Absalom!" as a "penny dreadful tricked up in fancy language." Fadiman was not alone among contemporary mainstream critics in his assessment, although today the novel is considered a masterwork of Southern Gothic literature. (Wikipedia/J.R. Cofield Collection, University of Mississippi Library)

With its non-linear timeline, winding prose, and multiple unreliable narrators, William Faulkner’s Absalom, Absalom! left many critics wondering what to make of the author’s ninth novel, including The New Yorker’s Clifton Fadiman, who had a near-visceral response to Faulkner’s “shuddery inventions.”

October 31, 1936 cover by **Perry Barlow.**

Although today the novel is widely considered a literary masterpiece, in 1936 Fadiman saw the dense, labyrinthine style of Absalom, Absalom! as nothing more than an empty facade for a melodramatic plot and characters resembling a “mince-pie nightmare.”

The novel explored the rise and fall of Thomas Sutpen, a poor man who ruthlessly carves out a plantation empire in 1830s Mississippi. Told entirely in flashbacks consisting of fragmented memories and differing perspectives, the novel is psychologically bleak and violent, with nearly every major character meeting a tragic end. Following are excerpts from Fadiman’s review:

OXFORD MAN…Above, **William Faulkner** at his 1844 Greek Revival home, Rowan Oak, which he purchased in Oxford, Mississippi in 1930; below, at work in his study. The mid-1930s were a difficult time for Faulkner. His writing was often interrupted by trips to Hollywood, where he sought additional income writing screenplays (Faulkner was constantly in debt), and in 1935 his brother Dean was killed in a plane crash. Consequently this period included a number of heavy drinking benders. *(genteelandbard.com/life.com)*

Faulkner had some history with The New Yorker: A Nov. 21, 1931 “Talk of the Town” entry titled “Oxford Man” featured a thirty-four-year-old Faulkner living in a Tudor City apartment, working on his novel Light in August. “Talk” noted his service in the Canadian air force, which he joined in 1915 (he broke both legs in a crash) and that he “sometimes flies a rather wobbly plane owned by a friend in Oxford.” As for his writing style, “Talk” offered this quote from Faulkner: “Ah write when the spirit moves me, and the spirit moves me every day.” The piece also noted that “Only a few of the townspeople know he writes at all; most of them think he’s lazy.”

Here’s a second excerpt from Fadiman’s Oct. 31, 1936 review, in which the critic concludes that Faulkner “is a clever hand at fitting up a literary asylum for the feeble-minded.”

FLYBOY…A 1931 “Talk of the Town” profile, attributed to **Charles Cooke** and Harold Ross, noted Faulkner’s writing habits, his ties to his hometown, and his time in the Canadian Air Force. *(espresso.pt)*

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Chattering Mysteries

Those are the words E.B. White used to describe aisles of calculators, addressographs, and electric tabulation machines being operated by women clad “in purest white satin” at a business show on Eighth Avenue.

AN ILLUSION OF THE SENSES was achieved by scores of machines clacking away at a Manhattan business show, according to **E.B. White**. At left is an Addressograph machine, circa 1930s, and at right, a census worker using an IBM Type 1 mechanical key punch, 1940. *(americanbusinesshistory.org/officemuseum.com)*

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Get the Extra-large Popcorn

They say movies are getting longer these days, but the Thirties had its share of lengthy screen epics, including a nearly five-hour running time for the 1934 French adaptation of the Victor Hugo novel Les Misérables. Initially released as three films premiering over three consecutive weeks, the full, unedited film ran a total of 281 minutes. Apparently the 1936 American release, reviewed here by John Mosher, ran for just under three hours, which Mosher called “a crime against nature.” He did, however, pronounce it “a fine film.” He also reviewed a German musical comedy, Amphitryon, and some uninspiring “plain American” films.

GOING HUGE FOR HUGO…Clockwise, from top left: **Florelle** as Fantine in *Les Misérables*; blockade scene from the film; **Harry Baur** as Jean Valjean; French movie poster, 1934. *(imdb.com)*

Mosher grew weary of reading the subtitles in the German film Amphitryon, a surprising satirical musical that somehow got made even after the Nazis took over the reigns of the Ufa-Atelier studio; however, the coming year would see a further tightening of domestic repression (including film) under Reich leadership.

SOME LAST LAUGHS…**Willy Fritsch** and **Käthe Gold** in the 1935 German musical comedy *Amphitryon.* The movie was filmed in German and French, which is probably why Mosher thought it was a French production. (en.kinorium.com)

The “plain American” films reviewed by Mosher included a mystery, a revue, and a musical featuring opera singer Marion Talley, who years earlier had received some rough treatment from The New Yorker.

STANDARD FARE…Clockwise, from top left: *The Charge of the Light Brigade* starred **Olivia de Havilland** and Errol Flynn; **Jean Arthur** and Joel McCrea in *Adventure in Manhattan*; **Bob Burns** and **Martha Raye** in *The Big Broadcast* of 1937; **Marion Talley** and **Michael Bartlett** in *Follow Your Heart*; **Victor McLaglen** and **Binnie Barnes** in *The Magnificent Brute.* *(britannica.com/theblondeatthefilm.com/imdb.com/tubitv.com/ebay.com)*

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Polymath Porter

The multi-talented composer/songwriter Cole Porter was the latest celebrity to receive a mini bio in the opening pages…illustration by Abe Birnbaum…

…and on the subject of theater, Al Frueh offered his impression of the Talullah Bankhead vehicle, Reflected Glory...

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